Friday 30 June 2017

How to Clean a Book...

Having purchased books from a punter (or having had them dumped anonymously upon us), the task of cleaning them is the next phase. “Cleaning” in this case is a catch-all term which covers a range of activity, including evaluation and repair. Customers rarely see what happens between books arriving at the shop and then being picked up off the shelf, so this will be a little insight into the working life of booksellers. Most of the time we try to be like ducks – calm composure on the surface and furious activity below the water. Here then, are a couple of likely candidates for addition to our stock which will be our subjects for the current exercise:


These two volumes have been randomly selected from a boxload of battered tomes which was offloaded on us by someone moving house. At first glance, there’s little of promise: the Forsyth has some cachet, but it’s a later offering and his earlier stuff is much more sought-after. The hardcover volume is less promising still, but good horror is hard to find so an inspection is warranted. Let’s start with the Forsyth:


Straight away, there’s something dodgy going on: it’s easy to see that the text block (the body of the book) doesn’t lie compactly together. At the very least, these trade-format potboilers should retain a nice tight shape; here there’s an issue.


Investigating, it’s soon discovered that several of the pages are loose. In fact, a single page towards the back of the book has come free and half of one gathering from near the top of the text block. This means that we are now faced with the prospect of repair as well as cleaning. The loose gathering is an easy mend with some glue; the single page is a tricky fix. We have to begin weighing up whether or not this is going to be worth the effort.


There’s also a chip to the head of the spine; this can be fixed with a touch of glue as well, so we’ll do it all in one session.


Gluing is pretty easy; the biggest issue is not getting glue everywhere and inadvertently sticking the book together.


Once the glue is dry – usually after being left overnight – the book is ready to be cleaned. First, it gets a brushing: using a good brush – a shaving brush or heavy paintbrush works well – we brush any loose dust off the covers, text block edges and from the gutters inside the covers. While doing this we check for any items stuck between the pages, old bookmarks and less welcome items: occasionally you can get lucky and find cash; not often, but it happens. As well, we inspect for underlining, marginalia and inscriptions, such as the previous owners’ names: all these things will affect the price we place on the book.

Once that’s done we wipe the covers with a cleaning agent. We use eucalyptus oil, but there are other options too: occasionally just a lightly water-moistened tissue is sufficient. This is the usual result:


How clean do you think your books are now?


In the final analysis, the book looks much better than it did when we first took it in. Still it’s got a lot of spottiness to its pages, along with the rest of the damage (which, even with the best gluing in the world, is not a permanent fix). At best, this book will go out to the “Specials” table in front of the shop with a nominal $5 sticker attached. That’s not bad for a book which cost us nothing, but it’s still a considerable investment in time and effort, especially when you consider that it came in a box with another 40 or 50 volumes.

Let’s turn to the hardcover…


First thing to notice is that this is a library book. That means that we’ll expect to see a bunch of pencil marks, labels and ink stamps on the inside and outside of the volume. If we’re lucky, some of those stamps will be “Cancelled” stamps, indicating that the book was retired from the stacks and sold off at a library sale. In this instance, that’s precisely the case: if the book wasn’t cancelled, the onus falls on us to contact the library and return it to them. A lot of bookdealers don’t follow these things up, it’s true, but some of us prefer not to traffic in stolen goods.




First piece of business is to remove the old plastic wrap from the dustwrapper. That plastic will have kept the ‘wrapper relatively clean, but it’s probably some cheap stuff that will exude vapours over time and affect the boards and paper, so off it comes. This is where we hit a snag: some enthusiastic librarian has taped the plastic directly onto the dustwrapper, and then taped the ‘wrapper onto the boards – there’s an especially dark and burn-y place in Hell for this sinner. For now, we’ll have to break out the scalpel and try to remove all that tape without messing up the fabric of the book too much.


Once the plastic’s off, you can see how much crud was caked onto it.


The dustwrapper gets a quick dusting off and is checked for rips and tears. That ugly library sticker to the front panel is a bit of an eyesore, but trying to remove it will probably create an even more unsightly mess. We’ll just leave it for now.


Now we can see that the book is really quite the worse for wear. The binding is rolled, meaning that it no longer lies flat in a tight pile with the boards exactly parallel to each other. In extreme cases, the damage extends to the endpapers, which are essential for holding the text block inside the casing and we can see that this has happened here. Once again, we’re faced with having to repair the book.


(For those who are interested, bindings get rolled when you place a book face down and opened, rather than using a bookmark like a normal person.)


For now, we go through the book brushing off dust and checking for other types of wear and abuse, also noting how extensive the library marking has been: if it’s relatively light, this can be noted in a description and a few extra dollars added to the price. In this instance, I find one of my favourite bits of damage: the boot mark to the endpaper, showing that someone left this book opened up on the floor at some point, allowing some troglodyte to walk on it.


It is the evil nature of tape to leave horrible stains to the cloth which comprises the boards. Cloth cannot be cleaned using eucalyptus oil and a damp rag is also relatively useless. There is a purpose-made cleaning solution designed to thwart tape and other marks, but it’s horribly expensive and often hard to find. If this was a better book, I’d think about using it, but not on this occasion.


Now we glue the endpapers back into place and leave the book overnight to dry.


*****


Next day, we give the dustwrapper a once-over with eucalyptus oil and remove the last of the scunge. The plastic helped a little in keeping the book clean, but not that much.


At this stage we could go the extra mile and put the dustwrapper in some fresh polypropylene wrap, but we’re not going to do that: this book is too damaged even for the “Specials” table; sadly, it’s going straight into the recycling bin. Obviously, in the normal run of things, I wouldn’t have wasted as much time on this book as I have, but this exercise is just for demonstration purposes.

*****

And that’s about it. It might not look too involved, but keep in mind that we mostly deal with stacks of books, not just one or two. For these two volunteers, this is the end of the road; for other books which we’re going to try and sell off the shelves, the next step is to describe the books in a database catalogue, photograph them and then upload these details to the internet. With all this work for a very modest return, you can start to see why sometimes bookshop staff can seem a little testy…

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